Howards End Essays

Howards End Essays Howards End Essay Howards End Essay Essay Topic: Woman of Colour Novel How does Forster use contrast and opposition in the aftermath of Mrs Wilcoxs death? Throughout the novel, Howards End, Forster has used contrast as one of the main structural devices to develop the connection between the relationships. Materialism and spiritualism are one of the contrasts in the novel which aid us when viewing the relationships between the Wilcox family. Spiritualism is the unseen, the intangible attachment to objects in life and Mrs Wilcox represents the unseen in the novel even after she has died. Forster is presenting the unseen to us through the colour of nature/images of Mrs Wilcoxs funeral and though Mrs Wilcox isnt physically present her spirit still lives on in nature. For example Clouds drifted over it from the west; or the church may have been a ship, high prowed, steering with all its company towards infinity Forsters use of the sea and imagery in this line helps present the unseen and how spiritually Mrs Wilcox will live for an infinite amount of years and that death is just part of the circle of life; that we live this world for another part of life- that there is no beginning or end to life. Contrasting Mrs Wilcox the rest of the Wilcox family represent the seen tangible objects in life like the business world and motorcars their world is filled with panic and emptiness. The language Forster has used to discuss the funeral seems deliberate as the poor were the only people that remained which is a credit to the memory of Mrs Wilcox as they have something in common, a connection to nature, but its disgrace to the rest of the family for the Wilcox family as they are of a high social class and to even be associated with those abyss was degrading. I somehow feel though that E.M Forster cannot write in great description of those who are poor as he said that every situation he had written about he had no personal experience of the home life of Leonard and Jacky in Howards End. In Forsters opinion Mr Bast is stereotype of a poor person. Continuing on the Forster does not mention Mrs Wilcoxs name she is referred to as the dead woman a cold description emphasising the cold hearts of the Wilcoxes and stressing the importance of keeping the spirit of Mrs Wilcox present throughout the novel, in this case, representing her mysterious nature that her family could n ot relate to. Even more so, the references to the lower classes emphasise the callus mind of the rest of the Wilcox family and how later on they handling of the letter proves this as they do not deal with feelings they are pragmatic for example the sarcastic comment about how funeral of the rich was to them what the funeral of Alecestis or Ophelia is to the educated Supporting the evidence so far it is clear that Mrs Wilcox knew no more of worldly wickedness than did the flowers in her garden contrasting the rest of her family quite immensely, which is also proof that her family did not understand her beliefs- this is evident when they turn the pony stable into a garage for though there may not have been a pony in the stables the stable had sentimental value to Mrs Wilcox as this was her family home losing the traditional rural look and becoming more urbanised. Mrs Wilcox was a woman who transcended others and is described as trailing noiselessly, and the rest of the Wilcox family hadnt noticed that Mrs Wilcox was infact a mysterious woman and though they felt she had gone, and, as if to make her going the more bitter, had with a touch of mystery that was unlike her shows that there was a lack of personal relationship between the Wilcoxes. Through opposition, Forster has shown the lack of emotion and how the Wilcoxes ignore their emotions. The imagery that has been used helps present the lack of connection to the Wilcoxes feelings and how they block them out through fortresses and hiding their emotions explains their materialism without it their would be panic and emptiness. When discussing the matter of the letter Mrs Wilcoxs name is never mentioned she is referred to as an invalid which again shows the lack of connection to their mother and wife as they are impersonal and this should be a time of grief not for discussing the letter, especially in a business like manner which we can tell when the two men were assuming the manner of the committee-room. The unseen had impacted on the seen, and all that they could say was Treachery. This shows that the formal men of the Wilcox family have a higher superiority of the women in their lives and their values cannot be tested, everything has to be logical and for things they do not truly understand, that are intangible like the sentimental values that Margaret and Mrs Wilcox shared there is perhaps in Charles eyes an alternate motive to Margarets intentions were unduly to manipulate Mrs Wilcox. At the end of the chapter there is a metaphor that refer to the Wilcoxs avoiding their emotion and stop them from hearing reality voyaged past the sirens, having first stopped one anothers ears with wool both the Wilcox men are blocking out the emotion of how hurt they are by losing Ruth Wilcox but they are also blocking out the guilt from ignoring her last wishes of leaving Howards End to Margaret. Howards End was not just a house but to Mrs Wilcox it was her spirit. However more to the point I have perceived Forsters attitudes to the seen and unseen throughout chapter 11 and the rest of the novel to suggest that one cannot be without the other and that to make the world what it is they both are viewed by many people differently but are connected because it makes us all the individuals that we are.

Giotto di Bondone - Father of the Renaissance

Giotto di Bondone - Father of the Renaissance Giotto di Bondone was known for being the earliest artist to paint more realistic figures rather than the stylized artwork of the medieval and Byzantine eras Giotto is considered by some scholars to be the most important Italian painter of the 14th century.  His focus on emotion and natural representations of human figures would be emulated and expanded upon by successive artists, leading Giotto to be called the Father of the Renaissance. Places of Residence and Influence Italy: Florence Important Dates Born: c. 1267Died: Jan. 8, 1337 Quotation from Giotto Every painting is a voyage into a sacred harbor. About Giotto di Bondone Though many stories and legends have circulated about Giotto and his life, very little can be confirmed as fact. He was born in Colle di Vespignano, near Florence, in 1266 or 1267- or, if Vasari is to be believed, 1276. His family was probably farmers. Legend has it that while he was tending goats he drew a picture on a rock and that the artist Cimabue, who happened to be passing by, saw him at work and was so impressed with the boys talent that he took him into his studio as an apprentice.  Whatever the actual events, Giotto appears to have been trained by an artist of great skill, and his work is clearly influenced by Cimabue. Giotto is believed to have been short and ugly. He was personally acquainted with Boccaccio, who recorded his impressions of the artist and several  stories of his wit and humor; these were included by Giorgio Vasari in the chapter on Giotto  in his  Lives of the Artists.  Giotto  was married and at the time of his death, he was survived by at least six children. The Works of Giotto There exists no documentation to confirm any artwork as having been painted by Giotto di Bondone. However, most scholars agree on several of his paintings. As an assistant to Cimabue, Giotto is believed to have worked on projects in Florence and other places in Tuscany, and in Rome. Later, he also traveled to Naples and Milan. Giotto almost undoubtedly painted the Ognissanti Madonna (currently in the Uffizi in Florence) and the fresco cycle in the Arena Chapel (also known as the Scrovegni Chapel)  at Padua, considered by some scholars to be his masterwork.  In Rome, Giotto is believed to have created  the mosaic of  Christ Walking on the Water  over the entrance to St. Peter’s, the  altarpiece at the  Vatican Museum, and  the fresco of  Boniface VIII Proclaiming the Jubilee  in  St. John Lateran.   Perhaps his best-known work is that done in Assisi, in the Upper Church of San Francesco: a cycle of 28 frescoes depicting the life of Saint Francis of Assisi. This monumental work depicts the entire life of the saint, instead of isolated events, as had been the tradition in ​earlier medieval artwork. The authorship of this cycle, like most of the works attributed to Giotto, has been called into question; but it is very likely that he not only worked in the church but designed the cycle and painted most of the frescoes. Other important works by Giotto include the Sta Maria Novella Crucifix, completed sometime in the 1290s, and the Life of St. John the Baptist fresco cycle, completed c. 1320. Giotto was also known as a sculptor and architect. Though there is no concrete evidence for these assertions, he was appointed chief architect of the workshop of Florence cathedral in 1334. The Fame of Giotto Giotto was a much-sought-after artist during his lifetime. He appears in works by his contemporary  Dante  as well as  Boccaccio.  Vasari said of him, Giotto restored the link between art and nature. Giotto di Bondone died in Florence, Italy, on January 8, 1337. More Giotto di Bondone Resources Painting of Giotto by Paolo UccelloBooks on Giotto include Giottoby  Francesca Flores dArcais Giotto(Taschen Basic Art)by Norbert Wolf Giotto(DK Art Books)by  Dorling Kindersley Giotto: The Founder of Renaissance ArtHis Life in Paintingsby  DK Publishing Giotto: The Frescoes of the Scrovegni Chapel in Paduaby Giuseppe Basile Giotto di Bondone on the Web WebMuseum: Giotto Extensive examination of Giottos life and work by Nicolas Pioch. Renaissance Art and Architecture